Ramadan, the most sacred month of the year for more than 1 billion Muslims, is a holiday traditionally devoted to prayer, fasting, and charity, though more recently it has become an occasion for many Muslims to feast, party, and shop. Commemorating the revelation of the sacred Muslim text, the Quran, Ramadan is a time for Muslims to revitalize their spiritual lives. For one month, Muslims are required to fast during the daylight hours, and to abstain from certain behaviors, such as lying or smoking. The end of Ramadan is celebrated in a three-day festival called Eid al-Fitr, a time for friends and families to get together, make amends, and extend forgiveness. This book describes the various customs and traditions of Ramadan and Eid al-Fitr celebrations around the world and how social and political influences have shaped these