Make: getting started with sensors

To build electronic projects that can sense the physical world, you need to build circuits based around sensors: electronic components that react to physical phenomena by sending an electrical signal. Even with only basic electronic components, you can build useful and educational sensor projects.

But if you incorporate Arduino or Raspberry Pi into your project, you can build much more sophisticated projects that can react in interesting ways and even connect to the Internet. This book starts by teaching you the basic electronic circuits to read and react to a sensor. It then goes on to show how to use Arduino to develop sensor systems, and wraps up by teaching you how to build sensor projects with the Linux-powered Raspberry Pi.

Author Notes

Kimmo Karvinen works as a CTO in hardware manufacturer that specializes in integrated AV and security systems. Before that he worked as a marketing communications project leader and as a creative director and partner in advertisement agency. Kimmo's education includes a Masters of Art.

Tero Karvinen teaches Linux and embedded systems in Haaga-Helia University of Applied Sciences, where his work has also included curriculum development and research in wireless networking. He previously worked as a CEO of a small advertisement agency. Tero's education includes a Masters of Science in Economics.

Preface	p. vii
1 Sensors	p. 1
Project 1 Photoresistor to Measure Light	p. 3
Parts	p. 4
Build It	p. 5
Discussion: Photoresistors	p. 6
Interactive Sensor Control	p. 7
Going Forward	p. 7
2 Basic Sensors	p. 9
Project 2 A Simple Switch	p. 9
Parts	p. 9
Build It	p. 10
Troubleshooting	p. 11
An LED Needs a Resistor	p. 12
Project 3 Buzzer Volume Control	p. 12
Parts	p. 13
Build It	p. 13
Troubleshooting.	p. 14
Project 4 Hall Effect	p. 14
Parts	p. 16
Build it	p. 15
Troubleshooting	p. 16
Project 5 Firefly	p. 17
Integrated Circuits	p. 17
555 Timer IC	p. 18
Light Up an LED When It's Bright	p. 19
Light to Darkness	p. 21
Transistors	p. 22
Fading an LED	p. 24
555 Fading Blink	p. 25
Capacitors	p. 28
Firefly	p. 29
3 Sensors and Arduino	p. 33
Project 6 Momentary Push-Button and Pull-Up Resistors	p. 34
Parts	p. 34
Build It	p. 35
Run the Code	p. 35
Pull-Up Resistors and Arduino	p. 37
Project 7 Infrared Proximity to Detect Objects	p. 40
Parts	p. 41
Build It	p. 42
Project 8 Rotation (Pot)	p. 43
Parts	p. 45
Build It	p. 46
Run the Code	p. 46
Project 9 Photoresistor to Measure Light	p. 47
Parts	p. 47
Build It	p. 48
Run the Code	p. 49
Project 10 FlexiForce to Measure Pressure	p. 49
Parts	p. 50
Build It	p. 50
Run the Code	p. 51
Project 11 Measuring Temperature (LM35)	p. 52
Parts	p. 53
Build It	p. 53
Run the Code	p. 55
Project 12 Ultrasonic Distance Measuring (HC-SR04)	p. 56
Parts	p. 57
Build It	p. 57
Run the Code	p. 58
Conclusion	p. 61
4 Sensors and the Raspberry Pi	p. 63
Project 13 Momentary Push Button	p. 64
Parts	p. 64
Build It	p. 64
Run the Button Code	p. 66
Troubleshooting	p. 67
Hello, Python World	p. 68
Project 14 Blink an LED with Python	p. 69
Parts	p. 69
Build the LED Blink Project	p. 69
Run the Code	p. 70
Project 15 Adjustable Infrared Switch	p. 73
Parts	p. 73
Build the IR Switch Project	p. 73
Run the Code	p. 74
Voltage Divider	p. 76
Analog Resistance Sensors	p. 77
Project 16 Potentiometer to Measure Rotation	p. 77
Parts	p. 78
Build It	p. 78
Install SpiDev	p. 78
Allow SPI Without root	p. 79
Run the Code	p. 80
Project 17 Photoresistor	p. 82
Parts	p. 82
Build It	p. 83
Run the Code	p. 83
Playing with Resistance Numbers	p. 83
Project 18 FlexiForce	p. 85
Parts	p. 85
Build It	p. 85
Run the Code	p. 86
Project 19 Temperature Measurements (LM35)	p. 86
Parts	p. 86
Build It	p. 86
Run the Code	p. 87
Project 20 Ultrasonic Distance	p. 89
Parts	p. 89
Build It	p. 90
Run the Code	p. 90
Real Time or Fast?	p. 92
A Troubleshooting Tactics	p. 95
B Arduino IDE Setup	p. 97
C Setting Up Raspberry Pi	p. 101
D Eill of Materials	p. 117
Index	p. 123

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