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ANew York Timesbestselling author revealsthe story of a nearly forgotten moment in American history, when mass violence was not an aberration, but a regular activity - and nearly extinguished the Abolition movement.The 1830s were the most violent time in American history outside of war. Men battled each other in the streets in ethnic and religious conflicts, gangs of party henchmen rioted at the ballot box, and assault and murder were common enough as to seem unremarkable. The president who presided over the era, Andrew Jackson, was himself a duelist and carried lead in his body from previous gunfights. It all made for such a volatile atmosphere that a young Abraham Lincoln said "outrages committed by mobs form the every-day news of the times.