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A prizewinning political scientist traces the origins of urban-rural political conflict and shows how geography shapes elections in America and beyondWhy is it so much easier for the Democratic Party to win the national popular vote than to build and maintain a majority in Congress? Why can Democrats sweep statewide offices in places like Pennsylvania and Michigan yet fail to take control of the same states' legislatures? Many place exclusive blame on partisan gerrymandering and voter suppression. But as political scientist Jonathan A. Rodden demonstrates in Why Cities Lose, the Left's electoral challenges have deeper roots in economic and political geography.In the late nineteenth century, support for the Left began to cluster in cities among the industrial working class.