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When the Genoese merchant, Marco Polo, first arrived in Dynastic China he was faced with a society far advanced of anything he had encountered in Europe. The ports were filled with commodities from all over the eastern world, while new technology was driving the economy forward. It would take another 400 years before European trade in the Atlantic eclipsed the Pacific markets.From China's phenomenally successful Sung dynasty (c. AD 960-1279) , Cargoes reveals the power of the Mughals merchants of Gujarat, who built an empire so powerful that, even in the 17th century, the richest man in the world was a Gujarat trader. It was not until the opening up of the spice routes and the discovery of South American gold that medieval Iberia came to the fore. It was only then that the Atlantic Empire of the west came to dominate world trade, first the Dutch Republic in the seventeenth century, then the British Empire in the age of the Industrial Revolution, American supremacy in the twentieth century, and the development of post-war Japan.



About the Author

Greg Clydesdale

Dr Greg Clydesdale is a senior lecturer in the Department of Management, Lincoln University, New Zealand where he teaches 'creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship.' His PhD was on the determinants of industrial leadership and economic growth. He has published in a wide range of top academic journals. A central concern of his research is 'what drives economic growth? ' It is this research that allows him to see how the environment creates opportunities and how successful entrepreneurs respond to them.



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