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In The Other American Moderns, ShiPu Wang analyzes the works of four early twentieth-century American artists who engaged with the concept of "Americanness": Frank Matsura, Eitar Ishigaki, Hideo Noda, and Miki Hayakawa. In so doing, he recasts notions of minority artists' contributions to modernism and American culture.Wang presents comparative studies of these four artists' figurative works that feature Native Americans, African Americans, and other racial and ethnic minorities, including Matsura and Susan Timento Pose at Studio (ca. 1912) , The Bonus March (1932) , Scottsboro Boys (1933) , and Portrait of a Negro (ca. 1926) . Rather than creating art that reflected "Asian aesthetics," Matsura, Ishigaki, Noda, and Hayakawa deployed "imagery of the Other by the Other" as their means of exploring, understanding, and contesting conditions of diaspora and contested notions of what it meant to be American in an age of anti-immigrant sentiment and legislation.